Nathan stabks



in; "-rL NATHAN STARKS, OF ALBANY, NEWiYORK. 4

BOLT-HEADING' MACHINE. j

i Specification of Letters Patent No. 8,616, dated December 2S, 1851.

`To all whom t may concern Be; it known that I, NATHAN STARKS, of

fthe city and county of Albany and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements j 1n Machinery for Heading Bolts; `and I do hereby declare that the following isa full,`.clear, andiexact description of my said invention, referencebe-` ing had to the accompanying drawing,

which forms partof this specification, and` in which- Fig. l represents `a front elevation of `mybolt header; Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof; and Eig. 3 is a plan of the same.

rlhe. machine represented inthe accompanying drawing `is arranged Ito form square heads upon bolts; it consistsmainly of `a strong'frame to support the various moving parts ofthe machine, of a set of .gripping dies to grip theneck o-f the bolt blank on which a head is to be.formed, of the punch and its stockfor thickening or upset-ting the extremity of the bolt blank,`

ofthe shaping dies forgiving form` tothe thickened extremity of the bolt blank, and

l `of the mechanism by which the punch and dies are operated. j

`The frame A.` is constructed of cast iron and is supported by legs b, which raise it sutliciently from the floor toenable the operatorto work conveniently. The gripping dies, CVC, are situated at the front extremity `of the frame, and are two in number;`` their adjacent faces have grooves formed in them to fit the opposite sides of the bolt blank, which may be either round `or of any other form which may be required.` `Thesegripping dies are secured tothe upper extremities of a pair of swinging die stocks, CZ CZ, which extend downward through transverse slots in the frame and are pivoted at theirlower extremities to a block E secured to the lower part of the frame. rlhese Adie stocks serve to steady and guide the grip? ping dies, which are caused to diverge from each other by springs, f f, which act upon the inner faces ofthe die stocks. The gripping dies are `forced toward each other by means of toggle jointed levers which are moved by the footof the operatoryin order to accomplish this each pair of toggle jointed levers, g g, is connected at its point by means of a rod it with the extremity of a cross bar I beneath; and the latter is co-nnected at its middle by means of a-link j with a maar@ x 0 whaha@ foot of the operator is applied.

The punch stock L is situated behind the `grippingdies and is arranged to slide in suit-able guides, m waendwlse and horizontally `toward and from the gripping dies, in

the line of the axis of the opening `or` grcovestherein. The hinder extremity of this punch stock is connected by a rod n with the wrist of a crankshaft, O, that is supported in suitable pillow blocks at the hinder extremity `of the frame A, and to which a rotary motion' is imparted by some convenient prime mover. In the present instance the crank shaft is fitted `with a` winch to `be turned by manual labor,.and ,a

ily wheel 79 is secured to it to equalizethe motion. The front extremity of the punch stock is fitted with the punch, which by the movement of the stock is `alternately forced toward the hinder faces of the griping dies and withdrawn therefrom. When nearest the gripping dies the distance between its `face and vtheir adjacent' faces equals `the thickness of the bolt head to be formed .'and :when vfart-hesttherefrom, this distance is suflicient to receive'that portion of the bolt blank which is to be upset toform thehead. Immediately` behind the gripping dies is theframe R in which the rshaping' dies are supported.

As the present machine is designed to? form square bolt` heads, the dies, s, s, 63.8, are square faced: they are four in number and are arranged to slide `toward and from each o-ther in seats formed in the frame Ri; when nearest together the space included between their faces is of the exact form of the head to be made. Each shaping die is slotted to admit the front arm of a lever T, which is pivoted to a strong frame ll secured to the bed frame, and whose hinder arm extends backward in a direction parallel with that o-f the punch stock L. The hinder extremity o-f each lever is rounded and is'borne against the adjacent face of the punch stock by a spring fu, which by forcing the hinder arm of the lever inward turns the forward arm thereof outward, and thus moves outward. the shaping die upon which the lever acts. The hinder extremities of the four levers bear upon the adjacent faces of the punch stock which is swelled at this point in the form of a pyramid w whose base is toward the dies;

hencefas t-he punch stock is drawn backward,

-sponding extremities Vof the levers cause them to diverge, thus vturning their front extremities inwardand forcing the shaping dies toward each other; while on the other hand, as the punch stock is forced forward the inclined faces permit the hinder arms of the levers t-o be moved inward by the springs, which thus turn the levers upon their pivots and cause the shaping .dies to diverge.

Vhen the machine is in operation both planks are entered o-ne at a time between the open gripping dies at the time the punch is retrograding under the action of the crank shaft. As the punch reaches the extremity of its Aretrograde stroke the operator depr'esses the treadle with his foot and thus causes the gripping dies to converge and grip the neck of the bolt blank. As then the punch stock is moved forward by the continued revolution of the crank shaft, that portion of the bolt blank extending between the `hinder faces of the gripping dies and the face of the punch is compressed or upsetand is thus thickened, while as the punch retrogrades 'the shaping dies are forced against the sides of'this thickened portion to flatten them and thus give the head its proper shape. The operator then releases the pressure uponv the treadle, thus permitting the springs f f to open the gripping dies, and withdraws the headed bolt.

The machine represented in the accompanying drawing is designed for sho-p work and to be operated by manual labor; the gripping dies are therefore arranged to be operated by the foot of t-he operator, as this arrangement permits him to maintain the bolt 'blank in place during several revolutions of the crank shaft whereby the formation of ak perfect head is insured. In machines to be driven by power I intend to actuate the gripping dies at the proper moments to grip and unloose the bolt by and dies whose faces are the counterparts ofthe head to be produced. In large machines the power may be transmitted to the crank shaft through the intervention of gearing; the shaping dies may also be caused to diverge by the action of a pyramidal swell upon the forward extremity of the punch stock acting upon the forward ends of the levers in place of the springs which in the -machine described act upon the hinder ends of the levers; in this case the base of this secondary swelled portion of the punch stock will face the base of the first swelled portion the two thus acting alternatelyy and -antagonist-ically upon the levers and. the

shaping dies.

`Having thus described my improved machine for heading bolts what I claim therein as new and ent, is-' The combination of the upsetting punch, the diesfor shapingthe sides of the head, the levers for working the dies and the protuberance on the punch stock for actuating the levers so that by the forward movement of the punch stock, the punch is caused to upset the end of the bolt, andl by its retrograde movement the dies worked which give shape to the sides of the head as herein set forth. l

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

NATHAN STARKS. Vitnesses J. B. BRINSMADE, Jr.,

I-I. D. CADWELL.

are

desire to secure by LettersPat- 

